Today’s passage: Galatians 4:1-7

Helpful thoughts:

• A person under the guardianship of the Law could never have achieved righteousness.  The things of this world could never bring us to God or make us His children.
• Christ’s righteous sacrifice also served as a redemption, a purchase price, buying us out of our slavery.
• A bond servant who was to be made an heir first had to be redeemed (The purchase of their freedom) and then adopted (Legally declared the child of one who is not their natural father).
• We are not natural children, we are adopted.  We cannot possess divinity like God the Son, so God sent the Spirit to dwell within us.
  • The Spirit serves as a seal (An official marker) that our inheritance is sure. (Ephesians 1:13-14)
  • The Spirit confirms in our hearts that we are the children of God. (Romans 8:16)
  • Using both “Abba” and “Father” conveys a relationship of endearment (Like a child saying “Daddy” or “Papa”) and respect.

Questions to consider:

1. Many of us might primarily think about what it means to be saved.  But what does it mean to be redeemed and adopted as a child of God?
2. What is this passage teach us about the role of the Holy Spirit?  What does He do?
3. How would remembering the permanent presence of the Spirit encourage us to live in such a way as to please our loving Father?

Today’s passage: Galatians 3:23-29

Helpful thoughts:

• “We” is referring to the Jewish people.
• The word translated as “guardian” is where we get the word pedagogue from. This tutor was a strict disciplinarian, keeping the pupil in strict order during their schooling years.
• In Christ, regardless of your ethnicity, gender, or economic background, you are considered a graduate, no longer under the tutor.  All followers of Jesus Christ are considered full grown, mature heirs of the Father according to the promise.

Questions to consider:

1. If we look at people differently and expect them to have a greater or lesser chance of becoming a Christian, what have we forgotten?
2. How can Abraham be your father even if you are a Gentile?
3. If in Christ, you have already graduated from the school of the Law, how should you view obedience and righteousness?  Why should we keep growing in righteousness?

Today’s passage: Galatians 3:19-22

Helpful thoughts:

• After having written on the superiority of the promise, Paul now writes about the inferiority of the law.
  • The law was given to show that man steps out of bounds.  Transgression = Stepping out of bounds.
  • The law was delivered through angels (Acts 7:53, Hebrews 2:2) and through Moses, but the promise comes from God Himself, and through God the Son.
  • The law did not give life, but made man aware of their bondage.  The promise sets free all those whose faith is in Jesus Christ.

Questions to consider:

1. Though we are seeing the inferiority of the law in this epistle, would it be right to say that the law was bad?  What great purpose did it serve?
2. How does the doctrine of the Trinity help make sense of verse 20?  If Christ is our mediator between God and man…and yet the promise does not require another intermediary?
3. What is the different between earning something and being given something?  Is the Law able to give eternal life?  How does God give us eternal life?

Today’s passage: Galatians 3:15-18

Helpful thoughts:

• This passage continues the thoughts from verse 14, “So that in Christ Jesus, the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.”
• If man’s covenants cannot be annulled or added to, God’s should be considered that much more irrevocable.
• Paul confirms that in Genesis 22:18, God was promising the blessing of the nations through Jesus Christ.
• The Law did not replace the promise of the coming Christ.  Nor did the Law the fulfill that promise. The Law and the promise were never meant to compete with each other.

Questions to consider:

1. How would the Israelites have confused the promise of Christ to Abraham and the promise of their existence as a nation including their Law?
2. If the Law was never intended to annul the promise of Christ, what was it’s purpose? (See Romans 3:20 and this helpful article)
3. How does the fact that these promises came from God make them sure?  Why are God’s promises bound to be fulfilled?

Today’s passage: Galatians 3:10-14

Helpful thoughts:

• The Jewish people in the Old Testament were not cursed for trying to follow the Law.  They were commanded to obey the Law.  But if they thought their salvation was going to come from their keeping of the Law (which no one could ever successfully accomplish) they were under the curse.
• “The righteous shall live by faith” is taken from Habakkuk 2:4.
• Jesus endured the curse of God from our failure to obey the Law.  Because of His sacrifice, we are no longer under the curse of the Law.
• Jesus fulfilled the promised blessing to Abraham that through his seed, all the nations of the earth would be blessed.

Questions to consider:

1. Where does our righteousness come from?
2. Where does our eternal life come from?
3. How do these truths grow our affections toward Christ?

Today’s passage: Galatians 3:1-9

Helpful thoughts:

• Paul reminds the Galatians that their lives changed when they heard the true Gospel and believed.
  • When we repent and call on Jesus Christ as our Lord and Savior, our lives change.
  • When we base our salvation on successfully accomplishing works, we fail and are condemned.
• Legalism is believing you have to obey the Law in order to be saved.
  • Variations of legalism may include other rules (Especially new ones we make up!) that we place on others in order to accept them as believers.
• Abraham was saved by grace through faith before the Law was even written and before God commanded his circumcision.
• Jewish people who do not believe in the promise are not true sons of Abraham.  Jews and Gentiles who do believe by faith are.
  • Remember, no person has ever been brought into a saving relationship with God by any means other than faith.

Questions to consider:

1. If they had heard the Gospel and seen what God had done through it and through them, why would they doubt the authenticity of the message?  What caused the Galatians to think there could be more?
2. Once works get added into the requirements of salvation, what does our focus tend toward when we are instructing others?  Grace or works?
3. What is the sad irony of being a legalist?  Are legalists without err?  Have they perfectly kept whatever version of the law they have decided to follow?  Are we allowed to add to the Law?  Are they believing in the Gospel at all?

Today’s passage: Galatians 2:17-21

Helpful thoughts:

• The Jews called Gentiles “sinners” because they didn’t know or follow the Law.
• But, the Jews had the Law and failed to follow it!  Therefore, they knew they were sinners and they knew exactly why they were sinners.
• Paul’s argument:
  • If Christ successfully fulfilled the Law (Which He did) and
  • If the Jews and Gentiles who believe are now united together in Christ by faith (Which they are),
    • Then to say we still are required to follow the Law makes Jesus a false teacher and a promoter of sin and it makes His death on the cross worthless.
• Jesus’ death on the cross is the full payment of death that I deserve because of my sin.
  • So, when Jesus (Who by faith I have been united with) died in my place, I died.  My account already has been served a capital punishment and separation from God.
    • Dead people don’t follow the Law…or break it.
    • Dead people don’t suffer consequences.  They’re already dead.
    • Now, your life is not your life. It’s Jesus’ life.  It’s Jesus’ resurrection.

Questions to consider:

1. Why would requiring obedience to the Law negate the effects of Jesus’ death on the cross?
2. How does the idea of dying with Jesus and rising up with Him give you a better perspective on your sin as a believer?  Why should we fight against sin and pursue righteousness?
3. How does your identity in Christ change your desires and goals for life?  Whose life are we thinking about when we consider what we want to be when we “grow up”?

Today’s passage: Galatians 2:15-16

Helpful thoughts:

• Paul is not implying that Jews are not sinners.  Since the Gentile people did not follow the Law, the Jews would look at them as greater sinners by comparison.
• Justified = Being declared not guilty, being counted as righteous.
  • When we go before the judge, we are asked if we are guilty of the crimes accused.
  • Doing three nice things on the day of the trial does not mean I am not guilty of the crime I previously committed.
    • Justification does not come through doing good works or being less evil than others.
    • Justification comes only through faith in Jesus Christ.
• Salvation has always been by God’s grace through faith.
  • Job 19:25
  • Abraham (Romans 4:3, Genesis 15:6)
  • David (Romans 4:6-8, Psalm 32:1-2)
  • Habakkuk 2:4

Questions to consider:

1. What is the problem with a person thinking they are “good enough” to go to heaven?  What is their measuring standard?
2. How does the practice of Jewish people calling Gentiles “sinners” show they were caught up in comparisons?
3.  Whose righteousness is the true standard of “good enough” and whose righteousness is put to our account for our justification?

Today’s passage: Galatians 2:11-14

Helpful thoughts:

• This disagreements over the Gospel was so important that it was worth Paul and Peter getting into a public confrontation.
• When Peter “separated himself” from the Gentiles, he chose sides.  The language here takes his actions beyond neutrality.  Peter had joined the Judaizers in that moment out of fear.
  • Peter’s fearful decision carried great consequences and this event became a moment of truth for the ministry of the Gospel in Antioch and beyond.
  • Paul called Peter out in a public way because Peter’s abandonment was also public.
• Peter repented!  (1 Peter 1:13-21)

Questions to consider:

1. Why is it so important to get the Gospel right?
2. In that moment, who was loving God and people more?
3. Why is fearing man a hypocrisy for the Christian?  What does fearing man/culture result in?

Today’s passage: Galatians 2:1-10

Helpful thoughts:

• This trip to Jerusalem is recorded in Acts 15 and was called the Jerusalem Council.
• The nature of this false addition to the Gospel is now specifically mentioned.  People called Judaizers were requiring men to be circumcised in order to be saved.
  • When Paul took Titus (a Gentile) to Jerusalem, the other apostles did not require him to be circumcised either.
  • These “false brothers” would have been Jews posing as Christians in the meetings trying to stir up controversy.
    • This means the false teaching wasn’t special to the churches in Galatia and was being refuted by all of the apostles, everywhere it was being taught.
• There is only one Gospel message.
  • Time doesn’t change it.
  • Culture doesn’t change it.

Questions to consider:

1. What approach did the apostles have to take toward those who were trying to add to the Gospel message?  Did they encourage fellowship and say they were on the same team?  Why is that so important?
2. Did Paul doubt the validity of the Gospel message he was teaching until a bunch of other people confirmed it?  Why was he sharing this account with the members of the churches in Galatia?
3. Where do we get the Gospel message from?  Why can we have so much confidence in its accuracy?